Collagen cross-linking begins with the application of riboflavin (vitamin B2) to the cornea, which acts as a photosensitizer. The cornea is then exposed to ultraviolet light, which triggers a chemical reaction that strengthens and reinforces the collagen fibers within the corneal structure. This process increases the cornea’s rigidity and halts the progression of conditions like keratoconus. The entire procedure typically takes about 30 minutes and is performed on an outpatient basis, allowing for a swift return to normal activities. Although patients might experience mild discomfort during the process, recovery is generally smooth.